Impact tests are those that assess the strength of the cabinet against the occasional impact that will happen during its lifetime.
HEIGHT IMPACT
Before determining the impact point is placed a sheet of foam, from which we determine the drop height of the impactor. Then, place a second sheet of foam.
The test method is performed according to the following process: first determine the loading point of the seat (point on the seat in the vertical center of mass of the user’s mass) then place a sheet of foam to determine the drop from of it until the impactor, then place a second sheet of foam between the first and the impactor and finally dropped freely impactor with a mass of 25 kg. This process is repeated 10 times and any other position that is considered of importance. If it is a product intended to be used by more than one person, try a square from one end and a central place.
A test which simulates the same is based on American standards ANSI / BIFMA: the test procedure is to drop freely a mass of 102 kg that hits the seat from a fixed height of 152 mm measured from the uncompressed seat to the base of the bag. After it, the test is repeated, this time with a bag loaded with 136 Kg. After the first impact of the seat, it must to be fully operational and after the second must have been produced no sharp breaks.
HEADS RESISTANCE TESTS
Impactor is situated to the starting position of test and control the test parameters, such as time between impact and stop in case of breakage.
Another way to test the seams and seat structure is applying energy from impact test on backrests and armrests. To test is essential to block the movement of the seat sliding and impact in the center of the upper back (or at the rear edge of the seat if it is backless chairs) or on the side of the armrest in the position considered most unfavorable. A total of 10 impacts at each element, from the outside in, with the impact hammer, that consists of a cylindrical head of 6.5 kg mass attached to a steel tube 38 mm in diameter with a thickness of 2 mm and a length of 1 m to the low friction joint. The angle of fall of the hammer to the achievement of impact varies between 38 º and 68 º depending on its intended use the seat.
TABLE IMPACT TEST
In the studies of impacts on tables is turned on the strength of the table to occasional impact when placing things on top of it. The test consists of dropping the impactor freely over the top of the table 10 times, following the same steps that in the case of impacts on the seats of the chairs. The drop height varies between 180 and 240 mm, in the case of tables with glass top security than the drop height varies between 240 and 300 mm, in this case, instead of using two layers of polyether 25 mm thick, using a polyether foam 100 mm thick.
BATHROOM AND KITCHEN FURNITURE IMPACT TEST
It determines the resistance to hard charges located on the drawers of kitchen and bathroom. The test consists of dropping a steel ball of 42.8 mm diameter and a mass of 324 g from a height of 600 mm above the bottom of the drawer when the drawer is 2 / 3 of its total opening. At the end of the test evaluates the possible flaws that affect the mechanical strength or functionality. The fronts of the kitchen and bathroom cabinets (doors and drawers) are impacting the central part of himself with a leather ball with a diameter of 200 mm and a mass of 5 kg from a height of 500 mm. In the case of lower cabinets with doors, are tested after being closed and opened 45 degrees and found that there are no breakages and that the elements continue to function correctly.
TEST IMPACTS ON CHILDREN’S FURNITURE
The impact tests on children and juvenile furniture ensure durability of the model at such issues as the base (cribs), trays (chairs), mattress, safety barriers, etc.., Special mention by the type of furniture and what type of audience that will be use it, where any defect in design or accidental breakage of any component can cause a serious accident.
Test consists on impacts on both the mattress and in the barrier. The base of the cradle hits a thousand times in each of the six points identified by the European Standard. Its dropped freely and avoid the impactor rebounds (10 kg device with a tip mass in the opposite hemisphere and a guide to maintain the vertical and secure the point of impact) from a height of 150 mm between the base and the impactor is placed a cushion with a density test (35 + 2) kg / m3 and a thickness of 60 mm, dismissing every 5 completed trials.
To test the resistance of the head and sides of the cribs, the impactor is placed lateral (pendulum of steel cylindrical head covered with a layer of rubber 10 mm thickness and a hardness between 76 IRHD and 78 IRHD with a total mass of 2 Kg) ready to hit the crossbar or side 10 times from outside and the next rung 10 times from inside to hit all the bars (or all points determined whether it is solid side). The impact is made on a point at a height of 200 mm below the top edge of the side, dropping freely side impact from a horizontal position. Each and every one of the corners of the cribs are impacting five times inside and five on the outside as close as possible to the top edge impactor dropping freely from a 60-degree angle.
Berths are also tested by impacts. The bases are tested on the two beds and the steps of the staircase to the upper bed. The impacts on the bunk bed frame are made on seven points from a height of 180 mm measured from the top of the mattress test (in this case, with a density of (30 + 2) kg / m3 and 100 mm thick ). The impact on the steps of the staircase leading to the upper bed is performed ten times in each of the following: on the steps above, below and you’re closer to the center, hitting the center and as close to one side as possible, is dropped from 150 mm impactor (consisting of a bar of 1400 mm, which places a mass of 15 kg, finished in a steel plate of 100 * 100 * 6 mm).